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¡ã °Ô¿À¸£Å© ÇÁ¸®µå¸®È÷ ±×·ÎÅ×ÆæÆ®(Georg Friedrich Grotefend) ¨ÏWikipedia

ºñ·Ï º£È÷½ºÅ÷ ºñ¹®Àº ÀÌÀü¿¡ °í´ë Æ丣½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ÅؽºÆ®¸¦ ÇÊ»çÇÑ ´Ù¸¥ À¯·´Àε鿡 ÀÇÇØ ¾ð±ÞµÇ±âµµ ÇßÁö¸¸, ÀÌ º£È÷½ºÅ÷ ºñ¹®À» ÀÌÇØÇϱâ À§ÇØ °¡Àå ¸ÕÀú ³ë·ÂÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº, Áö³­ ±Ûµé¿¡¼­ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ, 1835³â ¿µ±¹ µ¿Àεµ ȸ»çÀÇ ±º´ë¿Í ÇÔ²² À̶õ¿¡¼­ º¹¹«Çß´ø ‘Ç ·Ñ¸°½¼’(Henry C. Rawlinson, 1810-1895)À̾ú´Ù.

º£È÷½ºÅ÷ ºñ¹®ÀÇ ÁÖÀΰøÀÎ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º 1¼¼´Â ÀÌ ºñ¹®¿¡¼­ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ À̾߱⸦ Àб⠿øÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í, ½ÉÁö¾î ‘¹Ùº§·Ð’°ú ‘¿¢¹ÙŸ³ª’(Á¦±¹ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ÇàÁ¤ Áß½ÉÁö Áß µÎ °÷) »çÀ̸¦ ¿À°¡´Â ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ¿©Çà Åë·Î¿¡ ¹èÄ¡ÇßÀ½¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í, ±æÀ» Áö³ª°¡´Â »ç¶÷ ±× ´©±¸µµ ºñ¹®À» Àаųª ºÎÁ¶¸¦ ¸íÈ®ÇÏ°Ô º¼ ¼ö ¾øÀ»¸¸Å­ ³ôÀº Àýº®¿¡ ¹èÄ¡Çß´Ù.

´õ¿íÀÌ ºÎÁ¶¿Í ºñ¹®ÀÌ »õ°ÜÁö°í ¿Ï¼º µÆÀ» ¶§, ´Ù¸®¿ì½º 1¼¼´Â Àϲ۵éÀÌ ¼­ ÀÖ´ø ¼±¹ÝÀ» Á¦°ÅÇÏ¿© ¾Æ¹«µµ ºÎÁ¶¿Í ºñ¹®À» ÈѼÕÇÒ¸¸Å­ °¡±îÀÌ ´Ù°¡ °¥ ¼ö ¾øµµ·Ï Á¶Ä¡Çß´Ù. ºÎÁ¶¿Í ºñ¹®À» À§ÇØ ¼³Ä¡µÇ¾ú´ø ÀÛ¾÷ ¼±¹ÝÀÌ Á¦°ÅµÇ¾úÀ» ¶§ ¾Æ¹«µµ ±×°ÍÀ» ÀÐÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ»¸¸Å­ °¡±îÀÌ ´Ù°¡ °¥ ¼öµµ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ¾ÆÀÌ·¯´Ïµµ ÀÌ·± ¾ÆÀÌ·¯´Ï°¡ ¾ø¾úÁö¸¸ 3000³â °¡±î¿î ¼¼¿ùÀÌ È帣´Â µ¿¾È¿¡µµ ÀÌ º£È÷½ºÅ÷ ºñ¹®ÀÌ ¿Ïº®È÷ º¸Á¸µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø ÀÌÀ¯´Â ¹Ù·Î ¿©±â¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.

·Ñ¸°½¼Àº º£È÷½ºÅ÷ ºñ¹®À» ÇÊ»çÇϱâ À§ÇØ, ±× Áö¿ª û³âÀÇ µµ¿òÀ» ¿äûÇß´Ù. ±× Áö¿ªÀÇ Ã»³âµéÀº ÇÔ²² Àýº® ¸é¿¡ ³ÎºþÁö¸¦ µé°í ¿Ã¶ó°¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇØ ·Ñ¸°½¼ÀÌ °í´ë Æ丣½Ã¾Æ¾î ¿ø¹®À» ÇÊ»çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Çß´Ù. ±× ÈÄ ·Ñ¸°½¼Àº 1764³â ¹æ¹® ÈÄ Ã³À½À¸·Î º£È÷½ºÅ÷ ºñ¹®ÀÇ Á¸À縦 ¾Ë¸° µ¶ÀÏ Å½Çè°¡ ‘Ä«¸£½ºÅÙ ´Ï¹ö’(Karsten Niebuhr, 1733³â-1815³â)ÀÇ ³ë·Â°ú ´Ï¹öÀÇ ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÀÌÀº ‘°Ô¿À¸£Å© ÇÁ¸®µå¸®È÷ ±×·ÎÅ×ÆæÆ®’(Georg Friedrich Grotefend, 1775³â-1853³â)ÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇØ ¹ø¿ª ÀÛ¾÷¿¡ Âø¼öÇß´Ù.

1843³â, ·Ñ¸°½¼Àº ´Ù½Ã º£È÷½ºÅ÷ ºñ¹® ÀÖ´Â Áö¿ªÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Í Àýº®¿¡¸Å´Þ¾Æ ³õ¾Ò´ø ¹åÁÙÀ» ÀÌ¿ë, ´Ù½Ã Çѹø Áö¿ª û³âÀÇ µµ¿òÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ °í´ë Æ丣½Ã¾Æ¾î¿¡ ÀÌ¾î ¿¤¶÷¾î¿Í ¾ÆÄ«µå¾î ºñ¹®À» ÇÊ»çÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¼º°øÇß´Ù.

±× ÈÄ ·Ñ¸°½¼Àº ¶Ù¾î³­ ¾Ñ½Ã¸®¾ÆÇÐ ÇÐÀÚÀÎ ‘¿¡µå¿öµå Èø½º’ ¸ñ»ç(Edward Hicks, 1792-1866), ‘¿¡µåÀ© ³ë¸®½º’(Edwin Norris, 1795-1872) ‘ÁÙ¸®¾î½º ¿ÀÆÛÆ®’(Julius Oppert, 1825-1905) ±×¸®°í ‘Àª¸®¾ö Ç Æø½º Åź¿’(William Henry Fox Talbot, 1800-1877) µî°ú ÇÔ²² ÀÛ¾÷Çϸ鼭, ´Ù¸¥ µÎ ¾ð¾î Áï ¿¤¶÷¾î¿Í ¾ÆÄ«µå¾î¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ±âÃÊ·Î °í´ë Æ丣½Ã¾Æ¾î¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇØ º£È÷½ºÅ÷ ºñ¹® Àüü¸¦ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¹ø¿ªÇß´Ù.

ÀÌÁýÆ®ÇÐ ÇÐÀڵ鿡°Ô ·ÎÁ¦Å¸ ºñ¼®ÀÌ ±â¿©Çß´ø °Í°ú °°ÀÌ µ¿¾çÇÐÀÚµé°ú ¾Ñ½Ã¸®¾ÆÇÐ ÇÐÀڵ鿡°Ô ÀÖ¾î º£È÷½ºÅ÷ ºñ¹®Àº °í´ë ±Ùµ¿ ¹®¸íÀÇ ¾ð¾îµéÀ» Ç®¾î³»´Âµ¥ ÀÖ¾î ÇÙ½ÉÀûÀÎ ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çß´Ù. ÀÌ ¹ß°ßÀº ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¸Þ¼ÒÆ÷Ÿ¹Ì¾ÆÀÇ ½û±â¹®ÀÚ¸¦ ¹ø¿ªÇÑ Á¶Áö ½º¹Ì½º(George Smith, 1840-1876)ÀÇ ¾÷Àû¿¡ ÀÌÀº °ÍÀ¸·Î, °í´ë ±Ùµ¿ÀÇ ÀλóÀûÀÎ ¹®È­¸¦ Çö´ë ¼¼°è¿¡ °³¹æÇÑ °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ °è±â°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù.

´ÙÀ½Àº Áö³­ ±Û¿¡ ÀÌ¾î º£È÷½ºÅ÷ ºñ¹® °í´ë Æ丣½Ã¾Æ¾î Ä®·³ 4ÀÇ ½û±â¹®ÀÚ Àü¹®°ú À̸¦ ¹ø¿ªÇÑ Àü¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹ø¿ª¹®Àº ÇѽŴëÇб³ ´ëÇпø ½ÅÇаú ¹Ú»ç°úÁ¤¿¡¼­ Çо÷ ÁßÀÎ À̼ºÈÆ ¸ñ»ç(¸íÀÏÇÑ¿ò±³È¸)²²¼­ ¹ø¿ªÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

 

º£È÷½ºÅ÷ ºñ¹® <Ä®·³ 4>

(1) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ³»°¡ ¹Ùº§·Ð¿¡¼­ ÇàÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù.
King Darius says: This is what was done by me in Babylon.

(2) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ³»°¡ ÇàÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´ÙÀÇ ÀºÃÑÀ¸·Î ³ª´Â Ç×»ó ÇàÇØ¿Ô´Ù. ³»°¡ ¿ÕÀÌ µÈ ÈÄ¿¡ ÇÑ ÇØ¿¡ ¿­ ¾ÆÈ© ¹øÀÇ ÀüÅõ¸¦ Ä¡·ðÀ¸¸ç, ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´ÙÀÇ ÀºÃÑÀ¸·Î ³ª´Â ¾ÆÈ© ¿ÕÀ» ¾²·¯¶ß·Á Æ÷·Î·Î »ï¾Ò´Ù. ÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ¸¶¼ú»ç °¡¿ì¸¶Å¸·Î, “³ª´Â Å°·ç½º(°í·¹½º)ÀÇ ¾Æµé ½º¸Þ¸£µð½º´Ù.”¶ó°í °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ¿© Æ丣½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼­ ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌ´Â ¿¤¶÷ »ç¶÷ ¾Æ¾¾³ª·Î, “³»°¡ ¿¤¶÷ÀÇ ¿ÕÀÌ´Ù.”¶ó°í °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ¿© ¿¤¶÷¿¡¼­ ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌ´Â ¹Ùº§·Ð »ç¶÷ ´ÏµòÅõ-º§·Î, “³ª´Â ³ªº¸´ÏµÎ½ºÀÇ ¾Æµé ´ÀºÎ°«³×»ìÀÌ´Ù.”¶ó°í °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ¿© ¹Ùº§·Ð¿¡¼­ ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌ´Â Æ丣½Ã¾ÆÀÎ ¸¶¸£Æ¼¾ß·Î, “³ª´Â ¿¤¶÷ÀÇ ¿Õ, ¿ò¸¶´Ï½º´Ù.”¶ó°í °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ¿© ¿¤¶÷¿¡¼­ ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌ´Â ¸Þµ¥ÀÎ ÇÁ¶ó¿À¸£Å×½º·Î, “³ª´Â Å°¾Ç»ç·¹½º ¿ÕÁ¶ÀÇ Å©»þÆ®¸®Å¸´Ù.”¶ó°í °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ¿© ¸Þµð¾Æ¿¡¼­ ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌ´Â »ç°¡¸£Æ¼¾ÆÀÎ Æ®¸®ÅºÅ×Å©¸Þ½º·Î, “³ª´Â Å°¾Ç»ç·¹½º ¿ÕÁ¶ÀÇ »ç°¡¸£Æ¼¾Æ´Ù.”¶ó°í °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ¿© »ç°¡¸£Æ¼¾Æ¿¡¼­ ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌ´Â ¸¶¸£±â¾Æ³ªÀÎ ÇÁ¶ó´Ù·Î, “³ª´Â ¸¶¸£±â¾Æ³ªÀÇ ¿ÕÀÌ´Ù.”¶ó°í °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ¿© ¸¶¸£±â¾Æ³ª¿¡¼­ ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌ´Â Æ丣½Ã¾ÆÀÎ ¹ÙÈå¾ßÁî´ÙŸ·Î, “³ª´Â Å°·ç½º(°í·¹½º)ÀÇ ¾Æµé ½º¸Þ¸£µð½º´Ù.”¶ó°í °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ¿© Æ丣½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼­ ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌ´Â ¾Æ¸£¸Þ´Ï¾ÆÀÎ ¾Æ¶óÅ©ÇÏ·Î, “³ª´Â ³ªº¸´ÏµÎ½ºÀÇ ¾Æµé ´ÀºÎ°«³×»ìÀÌ´Ù.”¶ó°í °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏ¿© ¹Ùº§·Ð¿¡¼­ ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù.
King Darius says: This is what I have done. By the grace of Ahuramazda have I always acted. After I became king, I fought nineteen battles in a single year and by the grace of Ahuramazda I overthrew nine kings and I made them captive.
One was named Gaumâta, the Magian; he lied, saying “I am Smerdis, the son of Cyrus.” He made Persia to revolt. Another was named ššina, the Elamite; he lied, saying: “I am king the king of Elam.” He made Elam to revolt. Another was named Nidintu-Bêl, the Babylonian; he lied, saying: “I am Nebuchadnezzar, the son of Nabonidus.” He made Babylon to revolt. Another was named Martiya, the Persian; he lied, saying: “I am Ummanniš, the king of Elam.” He made Elam to revolt. Another was Phraortes, the Mede; he lied, saying: “I am Khshathrita, of the dynasty of Cyaxares.” He made Media to revolt. Another was Tritantaechmes, the Sagartian; he lied, saying: “I am king in Sagartia, of the dynasty of Cyaxares.” He made Sagartia to revolt. Another was named Frâda, of Margiana; he lied, saying: “I am king of Margiana.” He made Margiana to revolt. Another was Vahyazdâta, a Persian; he lied, saying: “I am Smerdis, the son of Cyrus.” He made Persia to revolt. Another was Arakha, an Armenian; he lied, saying: “I am Nebuchadnezzar, the son of Nabonidus.” He made Babylon to revolt.

(3) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ¾ÆÈ© ¸íÀÇ ¿ÕµéÀº ³»°¡ ÀüÀï¿¡¼­ »ç·ÎÀâÀº ÀÚµéÀÌ´Ù.
King Darius says: These nine king did I capture in these wars.

(4) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å² Áö¹æµé¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¸»ÇÏÀÚ¸é, °ÅÁþÀ¸·Î ¹é¼ºµéÀ» ÇöȤÇÏ¿© ¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°°Ô ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×¶§ ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´Ù²²¼­ ±×µéÀ» ³» ¼Õ¿¡ ºÙÀ̴̼Ù. ±×¸®°í ³ª´Â ³» ¶æ¿¡ µû¶ó ±×µé¿¡°Ô ÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù.
King Darius says: As to these provinces which revolted, lies made them revolt, so that they deceived the people. Then Ahuramazda delivered them into my hand; and I did unto them according to my will.

(5) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. Èʳ¯ ¿ÕÀÌ µÉ ÀÌ¿©, °ÅÁþÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ³Ê ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ±»°Ô ÁöÅ°¶ó. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ³×°¡ “³» Á¶±¹ÀÌ ¾ÈÀüÇϱ⸦!”À̶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù¸é, °ÅÁþ¸»ÇÏ´Â ÀÚµéÀ» öÀúÇÏ°Ô Ã³¹úÇ϶ó.
King Darius says: You who shall be king hereafter, protect yourself vigorously from lies; punish the liars well, if thus you shall think, “May my country be secure!”

(6) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ³»°¡ ÇàÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´ÙÀÇ ÀºÃÑÀ¸·Î ³ª´Â Ç×»ó ÇàÇØ¿Ô´Ù. ´©±¸µçÁö Èʳ¯ ÀÌ ºñ¹®À» Àд À̵éÀº ³»°¡ ÇàÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ¹ÏÀ¸¶ó. À̸¦ °ÅÁþÀ¸·Î ¿©±âÁö ¸»¶ó.
King Darius says: This is what I have done, by the grace of Ahuramazda have I always acted. Whosoever shall read this inscription hereafter, let that which I have done be believed. You must not hold it to be lies.

(7) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ °ÅÁþÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ Áø½ÇÀÓÀ» ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´Ù²²¼­ Áõ¸íÇϽø®¶ó. ÀÌ ¸ðµç ÀÏÀº ³»°¡ ÀÏ ³â ¾È¿¡ ÇàÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù.
King Darius says: I call Ahuramazda to witness that is true and not lies; all of it have I done in a single year.

(8) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´ÙÀÇ ÀºÃÑÀ¸·Î ³ª´Â ÀÌ ºñ¹®¿¡ ´Ù »õ±âÁö ¸øÇÑ ´õ ¸¹Àº ÀÏÀ» ÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù. À̸¦ ±â·ÏÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÌÀ¯´Â, Èʳ¯ ÀÌ ºñ¹®À» Àд ÀÌ°¡ ³»°¡ ÇàÇÑ ÀÏÀ» Áö³ªÄ¡´Ù°í ¿©±â°Å³ª °ÅÁþÀ¸·Î ¿©±âÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï Çϱâ À§ÇÔÀÌ´Ù.
King Darius says: By the grace of Ahuramazda I did much more, which is not graven in this inscription. On this account it has not been inscribed lest he who shall read this inscription hereafter should then hold that which has been done by me to be excessive and not believe it and takes it to be lies.

(9) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´ÙÀÇ ÀºÇý·Î ³»°¡ ÀÏ ³â ¾È¿¡ ÇàÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ¿¹ÀüÀÇ ¿ÕµéÀº ±×µéÀÌ »ì¾ÆÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È ÇàÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù.
King Darius says: Those who were the former kings, as long as they lived, by them was not done thus as by the favor of Ahuramazda was done by me in one and the same year.

(10) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ³»°¡ ÇàÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ ³×°Ô È®½Å µÇ¾úÀ¸¸®¶ó. ¹é¼ºµéÀ» À§ÇØ À̸¦ ¼û±âÁö ¸»¶ó. ¸¸¾à ³×°¡ ÀÌ Ä¢·ÉÀ» ¼û±âÁö ¾Ê°í ¼¼»ó¿¡ ³Î¸® °øÇ¥Çϸç, ±×¶§ ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´Ù²²¼­ ³Ê¿Í Ä£±¸°¡ µÇ½Ã¸ç, ³× Áý¾ÈÀÌ ¹ø¼ºÇϸç, ³×°¡ Àå¼öÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸®¶ó.
King Darius says: Now let what has been done by me convince you. For the sake of the people, do not conceal it. If you do not conceal this edict but if you publish it to the world, then may Ahuramazda be your friend, may your family be numerous, and may you live long.

(11) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ³×°¡ ÀÌ Ä¢·ÉÀ» °¨Ãß°í ¼¼»ó¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é, ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´Ù²²¼­ ³Ê¸¦ Á×ÀÌ½Ã¸ç ³× °¡Á¤ÀÌ ²÷¾îÁö°Ô µÇ¸®¶ó.
King Darius says: If you conceal this edict and do not publish it to the world, may Ahuramazda slay you and may your house cease.

(12) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ³»°¡ ÀÏ ³â ¾È¿¡ ÇàÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´ÙÀÇ ÀºÃÑÀ¸·Î ³ª´Â Ç×»ó ÇàÇØ¿Ô´Ù. ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´Ù¿Í ´Ù¸¥ ½Åµé²²¼­ ³ª¸¦ µµ¿ì¼Ì´Ù.
King Darius says: This is what I have done in one single year; by the grace of Ahuramazda have I always acted. Ahuramazda brought me help, and the other gods, all that there are.

(13) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´Ù¿Í ´Ù¸¥ ½Åµé²²¼­ ³ª¸¦ µµ¿ì½Å ÀÌÀ¯´Â, ³»°¡ ¾ÇÇÏÁöµµ °ÅÁþ¸»À» ÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ³ª¿Í ³» °¡Á·ÀÌ ÆøÁ¤À» ÆìÁö ¾Ê¾Ò±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀǷοò¿¡ µû¶ó ÅëÄ¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¾àÇÑ ÀÚ¿¡°Ô³ª °­ÇÑ ÀÚ¿¡°Ô À߸øÀ» ÇàÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ´©±¸µçÁö ³» ÁýÀ» µµ¿î ÀÚ¿¡°Ô´Â È£ÀǸ¦ º£Ç®¾úÀ¸¸ç, ´©±¸µçÁö Àû´ëÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â ¸êÇÏ¿´´Ù.
King Darius says: On this account Ahuramazda brought me help, and all the other gods, all that there are, because I was not wicked, nor was I a liar, nor was I a despot, neither I nor any of my family. I have ruled according to righteousness. Neither to the weak nor to the powerful did I do wrong. Whosoever helped my house, him I favored; he who was hostile, him I destroyed.

(14) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. Èʳ¯ ¿ÕÀÌ µÉ ÀÌ¿©, ´©±¸µçÁö °ÅÁþ¸»À» Çϰųª ¹Ý¿ªÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°°Å³ª, ¿ìÈ£ÀûÀÌÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÚµéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ±×¸¦ ó¹úÇ϶ó!
King Darius says: You who may be king hereafter, whosoever shall be a liar or a rebel, or shall not be friendly, punish him!

(15) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ³»°¡ ¾´ ÀÌ ºñ¹®°ú Á¶°¢µéÀ» Èʳ¯ º¸°Ô µÉ ÀÌ¿©, À̸¦ Æı«ÇÏÁö ¸»°í ³ÊÈñ°¡ »ç´Â ³¯ µ¿¾È ÁöÅ°¶ó!
King Darius says: You who shall hereafter see this tablet, which I have written, or these sculptures, do not destroy them, but preserve them so long as you live!

(16) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ³×°¡ ÀÌ ºñ¹®°ú Á¶°¢µéÀ» º¸°í, À̸¦ Æı«ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ³ÊÀÇ »ý¸íÀÌ ´ÙÇÏ´Â ³¯±îÁö ÁöŲ´Ù¸é, ±×¶§ ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´Ù²²¼­ ³Ê¿Í Ä£±¸°¡ µÇ½Ã¸ç, ³× Áý¾ÈÀÌ ¹ø¼ºÇϸ®¶ó. ³×°¡ Àå¼öÇϸç, ³×°¡ ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀÌµç ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´Ù²²¼­ Çà¿îÀ» Áֽø®¶ó.
King Darius says: If you shall behold this inscription or these sculptures, and shall not destroy them, but shall preserve them as long as your line endures, then may Ahuramazda be your friend, and may your family be numerous. Live long, and may Ahuramazda make fortunate whatsoever you do.

(17) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ³×°¡ ÀÌ ºñ¹®°ú Á¶°¢µéÀ» º¸°í, À̸¦ Æı«ÇÏ°í ³ÊÀÇ »ý¸íÀÌ ´ÙÇÏ´Â ³¯±îÁö ÁöÅ°Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é, ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´Ù²²¼­ ³Ê¸¦ Á×À̽øç, ³× °¡Á¤ÀÌ ²÷¾îÁö¸ç, ³×°¡ ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀÌµç ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´Ù²²¼­ Æı«ÇϽø®¶ó!
King Darius says: If you shall behold this inscription or these sculptures, and shall destroy them and shall not preserve them so long as your line endures, may Ahuramazda slay you, may your family come to nought, and may Ahuramazda destroy whatever you do!

(18) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. À̵éÀº ³»°¡ ½º¸Þ¸£µð½º¶ó ºÒ¸®´ø ¸¶¼ú»ç °¡¿ì¸¶Å¸¸¦ Á×ÀÏ ¶§, ³ª¿Í ÇÔ²² ÀÖ´ø À̵éÀÌ´Ù. ±×¶§ À̵éÀº ³ªÀÇ Á¶·ÂÀÚ·Î ³ª¸¦ µµ¿Ô´Ù. ¹Ù¾ß½ºÆĶóÀÇ ¾Æµé Æ丣½Ã¾ÆÀÎ ÀΟÇÁ·¹³×½º, ÅõÅ©Èå¶óÀÇ ¾Æµé Æ丣½Ã¾ÆÀÎ ¿ÀŸ³×½º, ¸¶¸£µµ´Ï¿ì½ºÀÇ ¾Æµé Æ丣½Ã¾ÆÀÎ °íºê¸£¾ß½º, ¹Ù°¡ºñ±×³ªÀÇ ¾Æµé Æ丣½Ã¾ÆÀÎ È÷´Ù¸£³×½º, ´ÙÅõ¹ÙÈå¾ßÀÇ ¾Æµé Æ丣½Ã¾ÆÀÎ ¸Þ°¡ºñÁÖ½º, ¹ÙÄ«¿ìÄ«ÀÇ ¾Æµé Æ丣½Ã¾ÆÀÎ ¾Æ¸£µÎ¸¶´Ï½º.
King Darius says: These are the men who were with me when I slew Gaumâta the Magian, who was called Smerdis; then these men helped me as my followers: Intaphrenes, son of Vayâspâra, a Persian; Otanes, son of Thukhra, a Persian; Gobryas, son of Mardonius, a Persian; Hydarnes, son of Bagâbigna, a Persian; Megabyzus, son of Dâtuvahya, a Persian; Ardumaniš, son of Vakauka, a Persian.

(19) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. Èʳ¯ ¿ÕÀÌ µÉ ÀÌ¿©, À̵éÀÇ °¡Á·À» ÁöÅ°¶ó.
King Darius says: You who may be king hereafter, protect the family of these men.

(20) ¿Õ ´Ù¸®¿ì½º°¡ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¾ÆÈÄ¶ó ¸¶Áî´ÙÀÇ ÀºÃÑÀ¸·Î ³»°¡ ÀÌ ºñ¹®À» ¼¼¿î´Ù. ´õ¿íÀÌ ¾Æ¸®¾È ¹®ÀÚ·Î Á¡ÅäÆÇ°ú ¾çÇÇÁö¿¡µµ ³²±ä´Ù. ´õ¿íÀÌ ³» Á¶°¢»óÀ» ¸¸µé¾î ¼¼¿î´Ù. ´õ¿íÀÌ ³» °èº¸¸¦ ¸¸µç´Ù. ÀÌ´Â »õ°ÜÁ³°í, ³» ¾Õ¿¡¼­ ³¶µ¶µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±× ÈÄ¿¡ ³ª´Â ÀÌ ºñ¹®À» Áö¹æ °÷°÷¿¡ º¸³Â´Ù. ¹é¼ºµéÀº ´ÜÇÕÇÏ¿© À̸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù.
King Darius says: By the grace of Ahuramazda this is the inscription which I have made. Besides, it was in Aryan script, and it was composed on clay tablets and on parchment. Besides, a sculptured figure of myself I made. Besides, I made my lineage. And it was inscribed and was read off before me. Afterwards this inscription I sent off everywhere among the provinces. The people unitedly worked upon it.

À̼ºÈÆ/ÀÌÁ¤ÈÆ  typology@naver.com

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